剑桥雅思 17 学术类写作

The two maps illustrates the norbiton area in the present days, as well as the planned development.

Overall, the norbiton industrial area is located at the east side of the town, with a river on the north, separating the farmland from the industrial area, which is located in the center of the map, represented by a few factory biuldings and roads, followed by the main road at the extreme south of the map.

the planned development shows a substantially growth and modifications of the overall infrastructure of the area between the farmland and the main road.

Firstly, the planned development of the norbiton area replaces what once were factories for housings.

Moreover, the roads have been developed to acomodate all the new biuldings that have been planned for the area, which are, a school and a playground to the east side of the roundabout located in the center of the map, as well as shops and a medical center around the round about.

Secondly, a bridge is planned for the north of the map to cross the river and provide acess to the housing that will be located in farmland.

It is said that taking risks brings a lot of benefits. However, it also gives us some drawbacks.

First of all, it is obvious that taking risks will cause a great loss if people do it and fail. In personal life, this loss might not be so harmful. However, it will be really harmfull in professional life, because people take a responsibility not only for themselves but also others such as colleages, customers and their families. It will even damage the society from the economic point.

On the other hand, we can receive huge benefits by taking risks. Firstly, we can learn how to prepare for one goal through this process. In order to achieve the aim, people will make all the efforts to think about it and try to find more efficient way. If they do this in the professional circumstances, they will recognise the responsibility and importance of cooperation.

Also, it will be completely meaningful even though people can’t achieve the goal after taking risks. They will learn the reason why they have failed and how to change it. The failure will enable them to improve their skills and to achieve their object next time.

As I mentioned, it is true that taking risks give us both advantages and disadvantages. However, it can be argued that the benefits outweighed the drawbacks in that we can obtain advantages not only from the result but also from the process of taking risks.

The table illustrates the data on the police budget in which the money came from and the two pie charts describe the distribution of the amount of money in the two of year 2017 and 2018 in an area of Britain. Overall, there was an upward trend in all three different sources while the money spent on salaries was always the majority of contribution.

Looking into more details, the highest amount of money on the police budget belonged to ‘National Government’, 175.5 million pounds in 2017 and it kept rising to 177.8 million pounds. Thus was followed by ‘Local Taxes’, at 91.2 million pounds in 2017, after one year, it increase significantly to 102.3 million pounds.

In term of the how the money was spent, the majority of police budget goes to salaries which was for officers and staff, dropping slightly from 75% in 2017 to 69% in 2018. Meanwhile, the proportion of ‘Buildings and transport’ remained constantly, at 17% each year. An opposite pattern can be seen in the category of technology, its figure rose sharply from 8% in 2017 to 14% in 2018, which was always the lowest rate during the given period.

Mobile phones, nowadays, contains essential features with entertainment also. There has been a large growth seen in usage hours of smartphones among youngsters. There are several reasons behind this situation and I find this development more beneficial than negative. Both the reasons and my view is elaborated further.

The first reason for overusage of smart devices by youngsters is the social benefit they provide. The smart phone connected with internet opens up the large possibilities, from creating new friends to communicating with them over social media. For instance, a child in my neighbourhood chats for hours with his school friends over Facebook (a social media) and also spend time over online video sharing phone application. Moreover, the mobile gaming, specially multiplayer games, is another major reason for the situation. Children plays different kind of games over mobile for the entertainment purpose and they involve themselves in games in such a manner, that they forget about the timing and other work to do.

However, I believe that smartphones have also increased the knowledge of pupils. It has developed some important social skills, such as communication skill, team work and many more, by allowing them to work and play in groups, without the restriction of distance. In addition, children can learn through internet by watchin online videos and reading articles, which ultimately helps them in their studies as well as language skills. For example, whenever my niece require to know about something, he searches it over the internet and learns from it. Moreover, multiplayer online gaming improves their multitasking ability and it also gives them a competitive environment

Overall, I agree that overusage of smartphones on regular basis is harmful for them, but if given proper guidance, mobile phones can help them in learning some life-long skills.

The chart describes the data about families weekly expenditure prospects in 1968 and in 2018.

The most significant spent rate is on food with a 35% ratio in the year 1968. Housing and clothing come next with the same prospect of 10% of the weekly income. Expenditure on leisure, transport, personal goods and household goods are almost same percentage, the former one is slightly more. Lastly, spent rates on fuel and the others are recorded the least with a 6% in the year of 1968.

Turning to 2018, food expenditure of families had dropped dramatically to a percentage between 15 to 20. On the other hand, housing spent had rised significantly with an almost 20% slightly more than food expenditures. The most crucial rise was recorded on leisure spent rates. It had soared abut 10% in 50 years. Transportation expeditures comes after and followed by Household goods and the othe categories respetively. Last three had remained the least just as in 1968 which is fuel and power, clothing and footware and personal goods.

Overall, weekly expenditure averages of families had dramatically changed over 50 years. Some spent rates had remained the same whereas some of the alterations are quite noticable.

As the number of professionals workking abroad increases, it is often discussed whether they should stay where hey did their trainings or they should be free to move to another country if they desired to. While I believe theat a person should be free to migrate, I agree that it has negative effects on the country of training.

On the one hand, professionals who decide to work abroad are seeking for a different lifestyle and career opportunities. Therefore, they should be allowed to improve their lives outside the limitations of their country of origin. For example, whilst in Spain residents in a hospital do not have hands-on experience due to safety measures, in other countries such as Argentina, residents actually practice their skills with patients. Besides, cultural exchanges have proven to increase efficiency, since different nationalities mean different believes and the introduction of new methods.

On the other hand, when professionals leave the country where they trained, countries are damaged socially and economically. In countries where the government provides free education and healthcare, many people think that the population should compensate the country with their skills and abilities. Furthermore, as a study fo South African emigration has pointed out when a professional lease the country it results in the loss of 10 unskilled jobs. Therefore it affect the economy and the community.

Taking everything into account, it can be said that miving out from the country of training should not be taken lightly, given the adverse effects on the population. However, I firmly believe that someone’s professional development should not depend on their country of origin and professionals should be allowed to look for better opportunities overseas.

The line graph shows trends in shop closures and openings of new shops in a particular country between the years 2011 and 2018.

In 2011 approximately 6,400 shops closed. The number of closures fluctuated over the next four years until 2015, when there was a dramatic fall in closures to roughly 700 shops. The following year the number of shops closing their doors rose sharply, reaching over 5,000. The figures remained steady for the next two years, with just over 5,000 closures in 2018.

The number of new shops opening decreased dramatically between 2011 (approximately 8,500) and 2012 ( just under 4,000) but rebounded by roughly 50% by 2014. In 2015, the number of openings then fell to the 2012 level, but remained stable for the next two years. The last recorded year, 2018, saw a further fall to 3,000 new openings, the lowest point in this seven year period.

Overall, the number of shop closures has remained within the 5,000 to 7,000 range (with the exception of 2015). In contrast, new shop openings have shown a wider range of figures, but generally indicate a downward trend over the same period.

Since ancient times people tried to treat themselves by herbals and another natural products. In these days this type of treatment is named as alternative medicine. Nowadays, more and more people with some diseases decide to use alternative medicines instead of classic medicine. In this essay I will try to discuss pros and cons.

In my opinion, the disadvantages outweigh the advantages of using traditional medicine. The first reason is that nobody knows how this treatment will affect to a person’s health. There are a lot of cases when using different herbals caused allergic reaction and some people dead. The next reason is that people who do not have any medical education try alternative medicines. They do not know what the result will be and hope that it will be positive but not always is like that.

Although there are a lot of disadvantages, advantages might make people not go to usual doctor. The first and the main pro is that using herbals does not cause environmental problems such as air pollution or gas waste. Many pharmaceutical plants use chemicals which have harmful affect on the environment. The other reason is that alternative medicines are usually much cheaper than usual treatment as you do not have to go to pharmacy and buy expensive drugs.

To sum it up, the alternative treatment will be forever because it has some advantages which many people think that they can outweigh the disadvantages but I do not think so. The conventional medicine which develops rocketly will drive out other types of treatment in the future.