Problems and Solutions of Global Overpopulation

The world is experiencing a dramatic increase in population. This is causing problems not only for the poor in undeveloped countries but also for industrialised and developing nations. Describe some of the problems that overpopulation causes, and suggest at least one possible solution.

Annotated response

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It is surmised that the world population reached its first billion in the early 1800s; thereafter, it has only taken less time to reach the subsequent milestones. The current estimate on the number of inhabitants globally stands at 7.8 billion, and quite evidently, this figure is rising at an alarming rate. That being the case, the issue of overpopulation has not only created hardships for third-world countries, but more developed nations have also felt the adverse effects. In the following paragraphs, I will explore the significant problems caused by overpopulation and possible solutions that can be implemented.

As we know, resources like land, fossil fuels, fresh water, vegetation are delineated by their limited and scarce nature; at the same time, they are also defined by their essentiality towards human life. So, when these resources are used frequently due to the soaring demands of the ever-increasing population, they are bound to be expended before being restored to standard levels. Accordingly, the overuse of fossil fuels and their by-products like petrol and diesel is also a matter of grave concern. It is because the surge in the number of consumers leads to the growth of industrial and economic activities, which seems beneficial at face value but has hazardous consequences like pollution, which leads to a decline in the quality of life. Furthermore, the increase in the global population also puts strain on the availability of food worldwide, leading to adversities like famine, starvation, malnutrition, and increased mortality rates in various third-world countries.

Nevertheless, the situation can be improved if proper measures are taken, and global superpowers can coalesce their efforts to find possible solutions. First and foremost, the dependence on natural resources needs to be curbed, and alternatives must be discovered. Hence, the development of renewable energy sources like solar power, hydropower, wind, and geothermal power needs to be a chief priority. Furthermore, the implementation of environmental laws and penalties for the emission of excessive greenhouse gases are some of the steps that need to be taken by nations where pollution cases are the most severe. Additionally, sustainable food production methods like organic farming, intercropping, and crop rotation need to be given more weightage so that food scarcity worldwide can be tackled, if not eradicated.

Finally, I would like to conclude by mentioning that overpopulation has been a global threat for quite a while now and needs to be addressed with more emphasis. Furthermore, a long-term remedy can be devised if the can strive to work towards it in synergy.

Overall assessment

Why this response received Band 7.5

The response develops several problems caused by overpopulation and relevant environmental and agricultural solutions. Ideas progress clearly and the vocabulary is wide-ranging. Some claims would benefit from more precise explanation, while mechanical linking and occasional awkward expressions reduce the flexibility of the argument.

IELTS criteria

How each score was decided

Task Response

7.0

The response addresses the problems of overpopulation and proposes relevant measures for resource use, pollution and food supply. These measures can address the consequences of population pressure without reducing population growth itself. Some explanations remain general, particularly how the agricultural measures would improve food availability.

Coherence and Cohesion

7.0

Ideas are logically organised with clear paragraphing and a range of cohesive devices, although linkers like furthermore and hence are occasionally used mechanically.

Lexical Resource

8.0

Vocabulary is flexible and precise, with natural use of less common items such as coalesce, delineated, and malnutrition, and only very occasional awkward choices like weightage.

Grammatical Range and Accuracy

7.0

A wide range of complex structures is used with generally good control, with frequent relative clauses and subordination, though some sentences are overlong or slightly awkward.